Assess the impact of global warming on coral life system with examples. (Answer in 150 words)

Coral reefs are highly temperature-sensitive ecosystems; prolonged warming disrupts the symbiosis between coral polyps and zooxanthellae.

Introduction

Coral reefs are highly temperature-sensitive ecosystems; prolonged warming disrupts the symbiosis between coral polyps and zooxanthellae.

Major impacts

• Bleaching: heat stress expels zooxanthellae, reducing colour and energy; prolonged bleaching causes mortality.
• Ocean acidification: increased carbon dioxide lowers carbonate-ion availability and weakens calcium-carbonate skeleton formation.
• Extreme events: marine heatwaves and stronger storms physically damage reefs and reduce recovery time.
• Ecological effects: fish nursery grounds, coastal protection and reef-based livelihoods decline.
• Examples: repeated bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef and stress in Lakshadweep and the Andaman-Nicobar reefs illustrate regional vulnerability.

Conclusion

Emission reduction is essential, supplemented by protected areas, pollution control, reef restoration and climate-resilient local management.

coral reefs; bleaching; ocean acidification; zooxanthellae