UPSC Previous Year Question | Mains GS2 | 2026

“BRICS acts as a powerful counterweight in global governance, actively amplifying the voice and influence of the Global South.” Explain the role of BRICS in projecting itself as an alternative to other groupings. (Answer in 150 words)

Answer

Introduction

BRICS has evolved from an economic acronym into a broader coalition seeking a more representative, multipolar global order and greater voice for developing countries.

Institutional And Financial Alternative

The New Development Bank offers infrastructure and sustainable-development finance outside Bretton Woods conditionality, while the Contingent Reserve Arrangement provides a limited liquidity safeguard. Expansion increases representation of Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Latin America.

Diplomatic And Normative Role

BRICS advocates reform of the UN Security Council, IMF and World Bank; promotes local-currency cooperation, South-South technology and development partnerships; and gives members a platform on food, energy, health and climate justice.

Limits To Alternative Projection

Members differ on security, economic models and relations with the West; China’s weight creates asymmetry, internal trade remains limited and consensus constrains concrete action. BRICS should remain complementary, transparent and issue-based rather than merely anti-Western.

Keywords

BRICS; Global South; New Development Bank; CRA; multipolarity; UN reform; South-South cooperation; Bretton Woods

Topics: brics, global governance, global south, international relations