What is disaster resilience? How is it determined? Describe various elements of a resilience framework. Also mention the global targets of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030). (Answer in 250 words)

Introduction

Disaster resilience is the capacity of people, systems and infrastructure to resist, absorb, adapt, recover and transform after hazards.

Determination and framework

• It depends on hazard exposure, vulnerability, coping capacity, governance, resources, critical infrastructure and social capital.
• Risk assessment, early warning, resilient land use, robust infrastructure, preparedness, response capacity, recovery finance and community participation form the framework.
• Build back better, protect ecosystems, include women and marginalised groups, and use risk-informed investment.

Sendai global targets

Sendai seeks substantial reduction in disaster mortality, affected people, economic loss and infrastructure damage; more national and local DRR strategies; enhanced international cooperation; and improved access to multi-hazard early-warning systems and risk information by 2030.

Keywords: resilience, vulnerability, exposure, build back better, Sendai targets, early warning.